- Linux -

Linux Basic Commands

File Commands

ls

List Files and Directories

ls -a

List all files including hidden files

ls -l

List files in long format

cd /path/to/dir

Change Directory to the Specified Path

pwd

Print Current Working Directory

mkdir dir_name

Create a New Directory

rmdir dir_name

Remove a Directory

rm file_name

Remove a File

rm -r dir_name

Remove a Directory and its Contents

touch file_name

Create a New File

cat file_name

View the Contents of a File

cp file_name target_file

Copy a file

mv file_name target_file

Move and renames file

SSH (Secure Shell) Commands

ssh user@host

Connect to a Remote Server using SSH

ssh user@host -p port

Connect to a Remote Server using SSH with a Custom Port

ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generate an SSH Key Pair

Process Commands

ps

List Running Processes

ps aux | grep process_name

List Processes with a Specific Name

top

Display Running Processes

kill pid

Kill a Process

killall process_name

Kill All Processes with a Specific Name

Search Commands

grep pattern files

Search for a Pattern in Files

grep -r pattern dir

Search for a Pattern in Directories Recursively

find /dir -name name*

Find Files and Directories with a Specific Name

locate file_name

Find Files and Directories with a Specific Name

File Permissions Commands

chmod +x file_name

Add Execution Permission to a File

chmod 755 file_name

Set Read & Execute Permissions -> Owner and read -> others

chown user:group file_name

Change Owner and Group of a File

Network Commands

ping host

Send a Ping Request to a Host

traceroute host

Display the Route Packets Taken to Network Host

ifconfig

Display all network interfaces and IP addresses

netstat -tulpn

Display listening ports and their application

Archive & Compression Commands

tar cf archive_name.tar files

Create a Tar Archive from Files

tar xf archive_name.tar

Extract Files from a Tar Archive

gzip file_name

Compress a File and renames it to file_name.gz

gunzip file_name.gz

Un-compress a File back

System Info & Management Commands

uname -a

Display Operating System Details

df -h

Display Disk Usage in human readable format

du -sh dir_name

Display Disk Usage of a Directory in human readable format

free -h

Display Free Memory in human readable format

Package Management Commands (Debian/Ubuntu)

sudo apt-get update

Update the package list

sudo apt-get upgrade

Upgrade all packages

sudo apt-get install package_name

Install a Package

sudo apt-get remove package_name

Remove a Package

sudo apt-get purge package_name

Remove a Package and its Configuration

sudo apt-get autoremove

Remove Unused Packages

Text Editor Commands

nano file_name

Open a File in Nano Text Editor

vim file_name

Open a File in Vim Text Editor


Tags

  • Linux
  • Terminal
  • Command Line
  • CLI
  • Shell